Timeline of MRI developments and summary of the major contributions. MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; M, magnetic; R, resonance; I, imaging; F, functional; NMR, nuclear magnetic resonance; BOLD, blood oxygen level-dependent; NIH, National Institutes of Health; PET, positron emission tomography; MRI–LINAC, MRI-guided linear accelerators.|@|~(^,^)~|@|Patient cases to show imaging contrasts acquired from (a) 83-year-old female, (b) 71-year-old male, and (c) 26-year-old male using a 3 T MRI system. F, female; M, male; T1W, T1-weighted; T2W, T2-weighted; FLAIR, fluid attenuated inversion recovery; GRE, gradient-echo; TOF, time of flight; CE MRA, contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography; DWI b0, diffusion-weighted image with b=0 s/mm²; DWI b1000, diffusion-weighted image with b=1000 s/mm²; ADC, apparent diffusion coefficient; CE T1W, contrast-enhanced T1-weighted; APT, amide proton transfer; DSC rCBV, dynamic susceptibility contrast relative cerebral blood volume; DSC rCBF, dynamic susceptibility contrast relative cerebral blood flow; DSC MTT, dynamic susceptibility contrast mean transit time; SVS, single voxel spectroscopy; DTI b1000, diffusion tensor imaging with b=1000 s/mm²; DTI FA, diffusion tensor imaging fractional anisotropy; fMRI, functional MRI.

Progress in Medical Physics 2020;31:35~53 https://doi.org/10.14316/pmp.2020.31.3.35